What does the farm as a whole symbolize?

The farm symbolizes society and the struggles of the working class, particularly in the context of political and social systems. Throughout "Animal Farm," the animals' collective experience reflects real-world class struggles, highlighting issues such as exploitation, inequality, and the quest for power. The narrative showcases how the initial hope for a better, fairer society devolves into a reflection of oppressive regimes, underscoring the dynamics between the governing class and the working class.

While the other options touch on elements present in the story, they do not encompass the broader societal message conveyed through the farm's evolution. The notion of a utopia for animals suggests an idealistic vision that contrasts sharply with the reality experienced by the animals as the story progresses. Challenges of leadership are certainly illustrated, but they serve more as a mechanism to explore the impacts on the working class rather than being the farm's overarching symbolism. Similarly, peace and harmony are depicted in the story, but ultimately, these elements dissolve as the narrative unfolds, further emphasizing the difficulties faced by the working class rather than representing a lasting state of being on the farm.