Which character symbolizes the elite ruling class in the story?

In "Animal Farm," the pigs symbolize the elite ruling class. Throughout the story, they are depicted as the most intelligent animals, and they gradually assume leadership roles after the animals revolt against human oppression. The pigs, particularly Napoleon and Snowball, embody the rise of a new ruling elite that exploits the other animals on the farm.

The narrative illustrates how the pigs, through their cunning and strategic manipulation of language and ideology, position themselves as the ones in power. They alter the principles of Animalism for their benefit, demonstrating a clear departure from the original ideals of equality and collective ownership. This mirrors real-world situations where a ruling class manipulates power structures to maintain their dominance over the populace.

In contrast, the other choices represent different aspects of the animal society but do not embody the ruling class. The dogs serve as enforcers for the pigs, ensuring that dissent is suppressed. The sheep, often depicted as mindless followers, symbolize the easily manipulated masses. The horses, such as Boxer, represent the hardworking but ultimately exploited laborers who are loyal yet unaware of their exploitation. Thus, the pigs distinctly stand out as the representation of the elite ruling class in the narrative.