Who is considered to represent the bourgeoisie in Animal Farm?

In "Animal Farm," the pigs, particularly Napoleon, represent the bourgeoisie, or the upper-class capitalists, as they embody the traits of those who seek power and privilege at the expense of the working class. The bourgeoisie are characterized by their control over resources, wealth, and social status, paralleling how Napoleon and the other pigs manipulate the farm's governance and resources to establish their dominance.

Napoleon's rise to power and subsequent betrayal of the other animals reflect the real-world dynamics of the bourgeoisie, who often exploit the labor of the proletariat (the working class represented by the other animals in the story). Napoleon's actions—ranging from altering the commandments to consolidating power—illustrate how he prioritizes his interests and the interests of the pig class over the collective good of all animals, ultimately leading to a further entrenched class divide on the farm.

This portrayal effectively critiques the nature of power and the cycle of oppression, showing how those who initially seek to uplift the working class can become the very oppressors they once opposed. The juxtaposition of the pigs' behavior with the ideals of Animalism underscores the betrayal of the principles that led to the revolution in the first place.